SABIIA - Sistema Aberto e Integrado de Informação em Agricultura (Sabiia)

Abranches,Jacqueline; Nóbrega,Hilda N.; Valente,Patrícia; Mendonça-Hagler,Leda C.; Hagler,Allen N..

Yeasts had mean counts of above 106 CFU/g in the fecal pellets of small mammals from tropical forest fragments. Most of the 55 species isolated were fermentative ascomycetes, with the most frequent being Debaryomyces hansenii, Pichia membranifaciens and Issatchenkia orientalis, whereas Rhodotorula mucilaginosa was the most frequent yeast of basidiomycetous affinity.

Adhesive properties of an outer structure of Clostridium perfringens type A isolated from piglets with with catarrhal enteritis

Palavras-chave: Small mammals; Yeast diversity; Yeast vectors.

Ano: 1998

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37141998000300004

Teixeira,Elizabeth Pelosi; Serafim,Marlene Braide; Höfling,Maria Alice Cruz; Yamada,Aureo T.; Castro,Antonio Fernando Pestana de.

One strain (S32) of Clostridium perfringens type A was isolated from a case of catarrhal enteritis of piglets. This strain was able to adhere to HeLa cells showing an adherence index (AI) of 25.15 ± 1.26 (mean ± 1 standard error of the mean). Treatment of the bacterial cells with trypsin (0.25mg/ml) decreased in 70%-80% the AI and metaperiodate (10mg/ml) abolished completely the adherence, suggesting that the structure responsible for this phenomenon was probably a glycoprotein. Heating of bacterial suspensions (100ºC/5 min) before carrying out the adhesion test decreased the AI rendering it equal to the negative controls. Rabbit homologous S32 antiserum inhibited the adherence up to dilutions of 1: 640, at least. The piglet ileal loop assay, carried out...

Aeromonas species isolated from PINTADO fish (Pseudoplatystoma sp): virulence factors and drug susceptibility

Palavras-chave: Cl. perfringens type A; Adherence; Fibrillar structure; Enteritis; Piglets.

Ano: 1999

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37141999000300010

Rall,Vera Lúcia Mores; Iaria,Sebastião Timo; Heidtmann,Sandra; Pimenta,Fabiana Cristina; Gamba,Rosa Carvalho; Pedroso,Débora Midori Myaki.

Aeromonas has been described as an emergent foodborne pathogen of increasing importance. In this study, we report that 48% of 50 Pintado fish samples collected at the retail market of São Paulo city were positive for Aeromonas sp, as detected by the direct plating method. When the presence/absence method was used, the positivity was 42%. A. caviae was the most frequent species, followed by A. hydrophila and A. sobria. Production of cytotoxic enterotoxin, observed in suckling mouse assay, was detected in 67% of A. sobria strains, in 60% of A. hydrophila strains and in 40% of A. caviae strains. In vitro tests, performed with HEp-2 cells, showed that 88% of A. hydrophila, 27% of A. sobria and 13% of A. caviae strains were positive for this toxin. The in vivo...

Agar diffusion tests with cefuroxime disks for predicting ceftriaxone susceptibility among isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae

Palavras-chave: Aeromonas sp; Virulence factors; Drug susceptibility; Fish.

Ano: 1998

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37141998000300015

Dias,Cícero A.G.; Kader,Ivonyr A.; dAzevedo,Pedro; Superti,Silvana; Alves,Dirce; Olm,Gislaine.

The performance of agar diffusion tests using disks of cefuroxime (30µg) for predicting ceftriaxone susceptibility in 33 isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae was studied. All 7 resistant isolates to ceftriaxone (MIC <FONT FACE="Symbol">³</FONT>1.0 µg/ml) exhibited zones of inhibition <28mm. The procedure can be easily adapted to clinical laboratories.

Algae and cyanobacteria on painted surfaces in Southern Brazil

Palavras-chave: Screening test; Resistance; Pneumococcus.

Ano: 1998

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37141998000400016

Gaylarde,Peter M.; Gaylarde,Christine C..

Algae and cyanobacteria disfigure the external surfaces of buildings and may cause their physico-chemical deterioration. Even though the climate in Brazil is humid, there is no published literature on this problem. The objective of this work was to identify the major phototrophs present on Brazilian constructions in residential, urban and rural sites. The algal and cyanobacterial types present on discolored surfaces of painted buildings in nine different municipalities in Brazil, all lying between latitudes 19° South and 30° South, were examined. A total of 816 different organisms was detected in 58 sites. Approximately 63% were single-celled or colonial organisms. The cyanobacterial genus, Synechocystis, was the most biodiverse and frequently comprised...

An experimental study of nanoflagellate bacterivory

Palavras-chave: Algae; Biodeterioration; Brazil; Cyanobacteria; Paint films.

Ano: 1999

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37141999000300005

Fernandes,Ana Júlia; Mesquita,Hilda de Souza Lima.

Heterotrophic nanoflagellate Pseudobodo tremulans (4.8 to 7.0 µm) and heterotrophic bacteria, isolated from coastal waters in Ubatuba, SP, Brazil, were used in experiments to analyze quantitatively the relationships between bacteria and nanoflagellates. The meaning of these results for the role of heterotrophic nanoflagellates in the Ubatuba coastal ecosystem is discussed.

ANTAGONISM AGAINST VIBRIO CHOLERAE BY BACTERIAL DIFFUSIBLE COMPOUND IN THE FECAL MICROBIOTA OF RODENTS

Palavras-chave: Nanoflagellate; Heterotrophic bacteria; Coastal ecosystem; Bacterivory.

Ano: 1999

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37141999000400014

Silva,Simone Helena da; Vieira,Enio Cardillo; Nicoli,Jacques Robert.

In an ex vivo agar plate assay, we monitored the appearance of an inhibitory halo against Vibrio cholerae from the feces of Wistar and Fischer rats aged 10 to 42 days. The frequency of Wistar rats showing halo increased from 0% (10 days) to a maximum of 80.0% (29 days) and then decreased to 53.3% (42 days). A similar pattern was obtained with Fischer rats but with a lower intensity (maximum frequency of 50.0% by day 36). In a separate experiment, when Wistar rats were fed a low-protein diet for 7 days, the inhibitory halo decreased drastically. Three apparently different colony morphologies were isolated from the dominant fecal microbiota: a facultative anaerobe (FAN) and two strict anaerobes (SAN). The ex vivo inhibitory test showed a halo around the...

Antagonism of yeasts to Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris on cabbage phylloplane in field

Palavras-chave: Vibrio cholerae; Escherichia coli; Streptococcus intermedius; Antagonism; Rodents.

Ano: 1998

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37141998000300016

Assis,Sayonara M.P.; Mariano,Rosa L.R.; Michereff,Sami J.; Silva,Gil; Maranhão,Elizabeth A.A..

Twenty yeast isolates, obtained from cabbage phylloplane, were evaluated for antagonistic activity against Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris, in field. Plants of cabbage cv. Midori were pulverized simultaneously with suspensions of antagonists and pathogen. After 10 days, plants were evaluated through percentage of foliar area with lesions. Percentage of disease severity reduction (DSR%) was also calculated. Yeast isolates LR32, LR42 and LR19 showed, respectively, 72, 75 and 79% of DSR. These antagonists were tested in seven different application periods in relation to pathogen inoculation (T1=4 d before; T2=simultaneously; T3=4 d after; T4=4 d before + simultaneously; T5=4 d after + simultaneously; T6=4 d before + 4 d after; T7=4 d before +...

ANTIBIOTIC PRODUCTION BY STREPTOMYCES HYGROSCOPICUS D1.5: CULTURAL EFFECT

Palavras-chave: Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris; Cabbage; Biocontrol; Yeasts.

Ano: 1999

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37141999000300002

Bhattacharyya,Barun K.; Pal,Sushil C.; Sen,Sukanta K..

In an attempt to screen out new potent antibiotic producers from soil, Streptomyces hygroscopicus D1.5 was isolated and was found antagonistic to both bacteria and fungi. It could utilise arginine as nitrogen source and glycerol as carbon source at 0.75 g/l and 11.5 g/l level, respectively for maximum antibiotic yield.

Bacteria and protozoa populations in groundwater in landfill area in São Carlos, SP

Palavras-chave: Antibiotics; Fermentation; Streptomyces.

Ano: 1998

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37141998000300003

Fusconi,Roberta; Godinho,Mirna Januária Leal.

The microbial populations of groundwaters were analyzed in a region under the influence of a landfill (piezometer L12) in the town of São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil, and in an area not influenced by the landfill (piezometer L5). Heterotrophic bacteria were counted by spread plate method and the number of protozoa was estimated by the most probable number method. There was a larger number of organisms in well L12, with a mean value of 15.76 x 104 CFU/ml for bacteria and 9.7 MPN/ml for protozoa, whereas the mean values for piezometer L5 were 2.88 x 104 CFU/ml for bacteria and 3.4 MPN/ml for protozoa. The greater abundance detected in piezometer L12 may be related to the influence of the leachate through the landfill on the microbial populations, also...

Bacteria isolated from a sugarcane agroecosystem: their potential production of polyhydroxyalcanoates and resistance to antibiotics

Palavras-chave: Bacteria; Protozoa; Groundwater; Landfill.

Ano: 1999

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37141999000300003

Lima,Teresa Cristina S. de; Grisi,Breno M.; Bonato,M. Christina M..

In this investigation, a sugarcane agroecosystem at a coastal tableland, in the northeast of Brazil, was screened to obtain bacteria strains able to synthesize poly-<FONT FACE="Symbol">b</font>-hydroxyalkanoates (PHA), using sucrose as the main carbon source. The potential to synthesize PHA was tested qualitatively by Sudan Black staining of colonies growing in different carbon sources: sucrose, glucose, fructose, propionate and cellulose. In a typical sugarcane crop management system, the plantation is burned before harvesting and vinasse, a byproduct of alcohol production, is used in a fertirrigation system causing, probably, selective pressures on the microbiota of natural environments. Eightytwo bacteria strains, belonging to 16 different...

Bacteriocin-like activity of oral Fusobacterium nucleatum isolated from human and non-human primates

Palavras-chave: Soil bacteria poly-<; FONT FACE=Symbol>; B<; /font>; -hydroxyalkanoate PHA resistance to antibiotics sugarcane agroecosystem vinasse.

Ano: 1999

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37141999000300006

Gaetti-Jardim Júnior,Elerson; Avila-Campos,Mario Julio.

Fusobacterium nucleatum is indigenous of the human oral cavity and has been involved in different infectious processes. The production of bacteriocin-like substances may be important in regulation of bacterial microbiota in oral cavity. The ability to produce bacteriocin-like substances by 80 oral F. nucleatum isolates obtained from periodontal patients, healthy individuals and Cebus apella monkeys, was examinated. 17.5% of all tested isolates showed auto-antagonism and 78.8% iso- or hetero-antagonism. No isolate from monkey was capable to produce auto-inhibition. In this study, the antagonistic substances production was variable in all tested isolates. Most of the F. nucleatum showed antagonistic activity against tested reference strains. These data...

Bovine S protein (vitronectin) increases phagocytosis of Streptococcus dysgalactiae

Palavras-chave: Fusobacterium nucleatum; Bacteriocin-like substance; Oral bacteria.

Ano: 1999

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37141999000400009

Filippsen,Laerte Francisco.

The effects of bovine S protein (vitronectin) on phagocytosis of Streptococcus dysgalactiae strains isolated from cattle with mastitis were investigated. Phagocytized streptococci were determined by a fluorometric microassay using glass adherent polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN). Preincubation of S. dysgalactiae with bovine S protein significantly increased their phagocytosis by PMN. Bovine S protein had no effect on phagocytic killing of non-S protein binding S. pyogenes cultures. Enzymatic digestion of the bovine S protein binding sites on S. dysgalactiae with pronase resulted in a significative reduction of the effects of S protein on phagocytosis. It could thus be concluded that in addition to its role as a promoter of cellular adhesion and...

Candida sp in the oral cavity with and without lesions: maximal inhibitory dilution of Propolis and Periogard

Palavras-chave: Streptococcus dysgalactiae; Bovine S protein; Phagocytosis; Bovine mastitis.

Ano: 1999

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37141999000100003

Azevedo,Rosa Vitória Palamin; Komesu,Marilena Chinalli; Candido,Regina Celia; Salvetti,Cristiane; Rezende,Fausto Hanaoka Caetano.

Fifty individuals of both sexes aged on average 45.2 years were evaluated at the Semiology Clinic of FORP-USP in order to isolate and identify yeasts from the oral cavity, with and without lesions, and to determine the maximal inhibitory dilution (MID) of the commercial products Propolis (Apis-Flora) and Periogard (Colgate) against the strains isolated. Yeasts of the genus Candida were detected in the saliva of 9/19 (47.4%) individuals with a clinically healthy mouth, 18/22 (81.8%) of individuals with oral lesions, and in 4/9 (44.4%) of patients with deviation from normality, and were detected in 19/22 (86.4%) of the lesions. In the group with oral candidiasis, we isolated in tongue and lesion, respectively for each specie: C.tropicalis (8% and 10.7%),...

Catabolism of caffeine and purification of a xanthine oxidade responsible for methyluric acids production in Pseudomonas putida L

Palavras-chave: Oral candidiasis; Propolis; Chlorhexidine; Yeasts.

Ano: 1999

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37141999000400008

Yamaoka-Yano,Dirce Mithico; Mazzafera,Paulo.

Caffeine catabolism and a xanthine oxidase involved in the alkaloid breakdown were studied in Pseudomonas putida L, a strain displaying high ability to grow on this substrate. Cells cultured with unlabelled caffeine and 14C labeled caffeine and xanthine showed that this alkaloid was broken-down via theobromine/paraxanthine -> 7-methylxanthine -> xanthine -> uric acid -> allantoin -> allantoic acid. Methyluric acids were formed from the oxidation of theobromine, paraxanthine and 7-methylxanthine, although no bacterial growth was observed on these compounds, indicating that this might be due to a wide substrate specificity of xanthine oxidase. This was confirmed by activity staining in PAGE where activity was observed with...

Cell envelope components of Yersinia pestis grown in intraperitoneal diffusion chambers

Palavras-chave: Caffeine; Methylpurines; Methyluric acids; Pseudomonas; Xanthine oxidase.

Ano: 1999

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37141999000100013

Ferreira,Rita C. C.; Neto,Armando A. B.; Fracalanzza,Sérgio E. L.; Costa,Sérgio O. P.; Almeida,D. F.; Ferreira,Luís C. S..

The electrophoretic profiles of penicillin binding proteins (PBPs) and outer membrane proteins (OMPs) of Yersinia pestis EV 76 were determined following in vivo growth in diffusion chambers implanted in the peritoneal cavity of mice. In contrast to Y. pestis grown under in vitro conditions which activate the low calcium response (LCR) regulon there was no significant qualitative or quantitative change of the PBP profile of Y. pestis cells during growth in diffusion chambers for up to 72 h following implantation in mice. Three OMPs, with molecular weight of 100, 60 and 58 kDa, were expressed in Y. pestis cells grown for 24 h, but not at 48 h or at 72 h, in diffusion chambers. These results indicate that growth of Y. pestis in intraperitoneal diffusion...

Cervicovaginal aerobic microflora of women with spontaneous abortion or preterm delivery in Araraquara-Brazil

Palavras-chave: Yersinia pestis; PBP; In vivo growth; OMP.

Ano: 1998

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37141998000300005

Raddi,Maria Stella G.; Lorencetti,Nancy C..

Microbiological routine exams of endocervix and vaginal specimens of 22 women with clinical history of recent spontaneous abortion or premature rupture of membranes were accomplished. Chlamydia trachomatis, Streptococcus pyogenes, Streptococcus agalactiae, Candida sp and Gardnerella vaginalis were recovered from 54.5% (12) of the women. Ureaplasma urealyticum was frequently isolated (45.5%) but 5 out of 22 had U. urealyticum only. Our report stands for the importance of quantitative as well as qualitative investigation on genital microflora in pregnant women, since it is likely to influence on pregnancy outcome.

Characterization of fusion products from protoplasts of yeasts and their segregants by electrophoretic karyotyping and RAPD

Palavras-chave: Abortion; Preterm birth; Genital microflora.

Ano: 1998

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37141998000400015

Martins,Cleide Viviane Buzanello; Horii,Jorge; Pizzirani-Kleiner,Aline Aparecida.

In order to characterize fusion products from yeast protoplasts and their segregants, with important features to the wine making industry, electrophoretic karyotyping and RAPD (Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA) were utilized. Electrophoretic karyotyping was performed by the CHEF ("contour-clamped homogeneous electric field electrophoresis") method, which allowed the detection of chromosomal band complementation in fusion products and the presence of patterns of both parental and intermediary strains in segregants. By utilizing two primers, an amplification pattern of DNA fragments was obtained. While fusion products (diploid) showed a pattern of complementary bands, segregants showed bands of either parental strains or even intermediary bands

Characterization of selected strains of mucorales using fatty acid profiles

Palavras-chave: Protoplast fusion; Electrophoretic karyotyping; RAPD.

Ano: 1999

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37141999000100014

Silva,Manuela da; Manfio,Gilson Paulo; Canhos,Vanderlei Perez.

The fatty acid profiles of several fungi of the order Mucorales (Zygomycetes), including Backusella lamprospora (Lendner) Benny and R.K. Benj., Benjaminiella youngii P.M. Kirk, Circinella simplex van Tieghem, Cunninghamella blakesleeana Lendner, Mortierella ramanniana (Möller) Linnem., Mucor circinelloides f. janssenii (Lendner) Schipper, Mycotypha microspora Fenner, Rhizomucor miehei (Cooney and R. Emerson) Schipper and Rhizomucor pusillus (Lindt) Schipper, and of Volutella sp. Fr., from the class Ascomycetes, were qualitatively analysed by gas-liquid chromatography in order to determine the taxonomic value of these chemotaxonomic markers. The fatty acids present in all strains were palmitic (16:0), oleic (18:1), linoleic (18:2) and <FONT...

Characterization of typical and atypical enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) strains of the classical O55 serogroup by RAPD analysis

Palavras-chave: Taxonomy; Chemotaxonomic marker; Fatty acids; Mucorales.

Ano: 1998

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37141998000400008

Girão,Dennys M.; Bando,Sílvia Y.; Girão,Valéria Brígido de C.; Moreira-Filho,Carlos A.; Fracalanzza,Sérgio Eduardo L.; Trabulsi,Luiz R.; Monteiro-Neto,Valério.

The genetic diversity of 41 typical and atypical enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) strains of the serogroup O55 was analyzed by using the random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) method. All typical EPEC O55 strains were grouped in two clusters (A and C) and belonged to the serotype O55:H6, while cluster B included all atypical strains, which were of the serotype O55:H7. The three groups also included non-motile strains. RAPD may be a useful method for epidemiological studies on E. coli O55 infection.